Final answer:
Gender-based violence refers to any form of violence based on gender. Difficulties for police officers dealing with these cases include lack of training, bias, and institutional barriers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gender-based violence refers to any form of violence or harm that is inflicted on individuals based on their gender or perceived gender. It includes acts such as physical abuse, sexual assault, harassment, and emotional abuse. Three systematic factors that can make it difficult for police officers to deal with gender-based violence cases are:
- Lack of training and awareness: Police officers may not receive adequate training on handling gender-based violence cases, resulting in a lack of understanding and effective response.
- Bias and stereotypes: Law enforcement personnel might hold biases or stereotypes that can cloud their judgment and hinder their ability to provide fair and empathetic support to survivors.
- Institutional barriers: Police departments may face institutional barriers, such as limited resources and bureaucratic processes, that can impede their ability to effectively address gender-based violence cases.