Final answer:
The color spectrum from a spectrograph is read by analyzing the sequence of colors in order from red to violet, known as the rainbow, and identifying the wavelengths associated with each color.
Step-by-step explanation:
The color spectrum from a spectrograph is read by analyzing the sequence of colors in order from red to violet, known as the rainbow, and identifying the wavelengths associated with each color. When white light is dispersed according to different wavelengths, it creates a rainbow of colors. Each color represents a different frequency of visible light. A spectrograph can separate the different colors and allow astronomers to analyze the light and identify the chemical elements present.