Final answer:
Vertigo can be caused by Ménière's disease, BPPV, or reduced gravity. Ménière's disease affects equilibrium and audition, BPPV is caused by crystals migrating into the semicircular canals, and reduced gravity affects vestibular sensation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Vertigo is a symptom that can be caused by various underlying conditions. One possible cause is a disorder called Ménière's disease, which affects the equilibrium and audition. It can lead to symptoms such as vertigo, low-frequency ringing in the ears, or loss of hearing. Another possible cause of vertigo is Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), where calcium carbonate crystals migrate into the semicircular canals, affecting the hair cells and causing dizziness. Additionally, vestibular sensation relies on gravity's effects on tiny crystals in the inner ear, so reduced gravity on the moon would likely impair vestibular sensation.