Final answer:
Carol Gilligan highlighted the overlooked role of sympathetic reactions in moral reasoning, especially from women's perspectives. The Progressive movement showed concern for the less fortunate and focused on women's welfare through the settlement house movement. Lastly, distributive justice principles emphasize fairness and concern for the most vulnerable in society.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carol Gilligan believed that earlier research into morality had overlooked sympathetic reactions to moral situations, which she saw as a critical component of moral reasoning, particularly in the context of women's experiences. While the justice perspective had been well explored, she pointed out that the voice and perspective of women, and the ethic of care they often embody, had not been given adequate attention.
The Progressive movement's efforts towards social justice included concern for the less fortunate, such as poor immigrants, and a focus on the welfare of women. Leaders like Jane Addams were key in the settlement house movement, which provided social services, education, and health care to those in need.
When discussing distributive justice, various principles arise including maximizing freedoms, minimizing harm to the least well off, and ensuring fair equality of opportunity. These principles reflect a broad concern with social justice and the welfare of others.