Final answer:
The kingdom with single-cell prokaryotic organisms arranged by shape is Kingdom Monera, which encompasses the domains Bacteria and Archaea. These organisms lack a nucleus, distinguishing them from eukaryotic cells found in kingdoms Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista.
Step-by-step explanation:
Characteristics of the Kingdom Monera
The kingdom being described, which consists of prokaryotic, single-cell organisms that can be distinguished by shape, is Kingdom Monera. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles and fall under two domains, Bacteria and Archaea. These organisms are fundamentally different from eukaryotic cells, which are characteristic of the kingdoms Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista. It is essential to note that the term 'Monera' is somewhat outdated and not commonly used in current scientific classifications; instead, organisms are typically referred to directly by their domain names, Bacteria or Archaea.
In response to the schoolwork question, the correct answer is D. Monera. This kingdom includes organisms that are unicellular, prokaryotic, and can be varied in shape, ranging from cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), to spirilla (spiral-shaped).