Final answer:
Therapy in a clinical psychology context involves individual interaction with a therapist to address personal issues, while family counseling includes family members or guardians. Therapy types include cognitive-behavioral therapy, and requirements to become a clinical psychologist include postdoctoral work and licensure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Therapy generally includes an individual's interaction with a therapist in a clinical setting to address personal issues, whereas family counseling involves the engagement of family members or legal guardians along with the client in sessions mediated by a counselor. The type of therapy provided can vary depending on the clinical approach, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, which takes into account cognitive processes and behaviors. Clinical psychologists and counseling psychologists may utilize different therapeutic approaches, but their focus is on improving the emotional and mental health of their clients. As per the American Psychological Association, group therapy is also a form of psychotherapy where group dynamics can help in addressing individual issues.
A person wishing to practice as a licensed clinical or counseling psychologist may need to meet specific requirements, such as postdoctoral work and passing a licensure exam. Art can also be therapeutic and is used in art therapy, where art media serves as a primary mode of communication, helping individuals express feelings they may not be able to convey verbally.
In summary, the field of clinical psychology focuses on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior, while counseling psychology addresses emotional and social aspects in psychologically healthy individuals.