Final answer:
The Federalist argument concerning the Constitution was that it provided a good balance of state and federal powers, which is answer option d).
Step-by-step explanation:
The question which asks for a Federalist argument concerning the Constitution is focusing on the debates that occurred during the ratification process of the U.S. Constitution between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists. The Federalists were proponents of a strong central government and argued against the need for a Bill of Rights, asserting that the Constitution provided a good balance of state and federal powers. The correct answer is d) it provides for good balance of state and federal powers, as Federalists like Alexander Hamilton and James Madison believed that the Constitution already limited the federal government sufficiently through its enumeration of specific powers and protections such as those found in Article I, Section 9.