Final answer:
The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) explains the change over time in the population of a country or region. It is a multistage model that illustrates the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country or region develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) explains the change over time in the population of a country or region. It is a multistage model that illustrates the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country or region develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.
In Stage 1 of the DTM, both birth and death rates are high, resulting in slow population growth. In Stage 2, death rates decrease due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and food production, resulting in rapid population growth. In Stage 3, birth rates start to decline due to social and economic changes, leading to a slower population growth rate. Finally, in Stage 4, both birth and death rates are low, resulting in a stable population.
For example, let's consider the demographic transition of South Korea. In the 1960s, South Korea was in Stage 2 of the DTM, with a high birth rate of around 36 births per 1,000 population and a death rate of around 9 deaths per 1,000 population. As the country developed economically and invested in healthcare and education, the birth rate started declining, reaching around 7 births per 1,000 population in the 1980s, putting South Korea in Stage 3. Currently, South Korea is in Stage 4, with a birth rate of around 7 births per 1,000 population and a death rate of around 6 deaths per 1,000 population, resulting in a stable population.