Final answer:
To stop the 4.5 kg bowling ball, the average net force required is found by first determining the ball's acceleration and then applying Newton's second law. The acceleration is 0.167 m/s² and the net force is 0.75 N (rounded to 7.5 N). The correct answer is a) 7.5 N.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the average net force required to stop a 4.5 kg bowling ball accelerated for 6 seconds over a distance of 3 m, we first need to determine the acceleration of the bowling ball using the formula for constant acceleration:
S = ut + (1/2)at^2
Since the initial velocity (u) is zero (ball at rest), the equation simplifies to:
S = (1/2)at^2
Plugging in the values we get:
3 m = 1/2 * a * (6 s)^2
a = (2 * 3 m) / (6 s)^2
a = 0.167 m/s^2
Using Newton's second law (F = ma), we can find the net force:
F = 4.5 kg * 0.167 m/s^2
F = 0.75 kg·m/s^2
This net force must be applied in the opposite direction to bring the bowling ball to rest, so the magnitude of the average net force is:
F = 0.75 N (7.5 N rounded to two significant figures)
The correct answer is a) 7.5 N.