Final answer:
Gorbachev's plan for economic restructuring in the Soviet Union was called Perestroika, which introduced market-like reforms to stimulate the economy, alongside Glasnost, which increased governmental transparency. These reforms ultimately exposed systemic problems and contributed to the Soviet Union's collapse. The correct option is C.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mikhail Gorbachev's plan for economic restructuring in the Soviet Union was called Perestroika. This policy aimed to introduce market-like reforms into the Soviet economy in an effort to invigorate it. Alongside Perestroika, Gorbachev also implemented Glasnost, which promoted openness and transparency in government activities.
These reforms were intended to modernize the Soviet system and address the country's stagnating economic and political landscape. However, the changes brought by Perestroika eventually exposed deeper systemic issues, and despite the intentions to bolster the economy, by 1990 it was in a critical state, contributing to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.