Final answer:
Latitude significantly affects the climate in Canada, with colder climates typically found at higher latitudes. The warmest climates are in the southern regions, and temperatures drop as one goes northward into the subarctic and arctic zones.
Step-by-step explanation:
Latitude significantly influences the distribution of climates in Canada. The correct answer to your question is B) Colder climates are found at high latitudes. As one moves away from the equator towards the poles, temperatures generally decrease. In Canada, this means that the warmest climates are found in the southern regions nearest to the equator, while progressively colder climates are encountered as one travels north.
From a global perspective, latitude creates broad belts of climate ranging from tropical near the equator to arctic near the poles. Canada spans several of these climate zones, from temperate in the south to subarctic and arctic climates as one moves further north. Within these regions, the types of biomes and ecosystems present vary greatly due to the influence of temperature and precipitation patterns on the natural vegetation and wildlife.
Aside from latitude, other factors such as wind systems, ocean currents, and proximity to water bodies can further modify the climate within different latitudes, contributing to the diversity of biomes found across Canada. For example, the presence of the Gulf Stream can lead to warmer climates at the same latitude compared to areas not influenced by warm ocean currents.