Final answer:
The most influential achievements from Athens Golden Age on the world today are the development of democracy and the advancement of philosophy by figures like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. The correct option is a.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Golden Age of Athens, particularly during the Age of Pericles, saw remarkable contributions to civilization, many of which have greatly influenced our modern world. The development of democracy and philosophy in Athens laid the foundations for modern political and intellectual thought. Democracy in Athens was a revolutionary system allowing citizens to participate in decision-making, and it evolved under the guidance of key figures like Pericles and Cleisthenes. This Athenian model has greatly inspired subsequent governments, making it a cornerstone of many modern political systems.
Moreover, the period witnessed groundbreaking advancements in philosophy with figures such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle critically examining the natural world and fostering a tradition of thought that continues to underpin Western education and philosophy.
While the construction of the Parthenon and the establishment of the Olympic Games both signify important cultural achievements, it is the intellectual legacy of democracy and philosophical inquiry that has had the most profound and sustained impact on contemporary society. Therefore, part A, which includes the development of democracy and philosophy, represents the Athenian Golden Age achievements with the biggest influence on the world today.
Hence, Option a is correct.