Question

Three reasons why incomplete combustion is almost always the probable case in a practical application such as automobile emissions?

Answer 1

Incomplete combustion in vehicles is likely due to limited oxygen supply, temperature fluctuations within the engine, and the quality and design of the fuel and engine. Catalytic converters are used to mitigate the effects of incomplete combustion.

Step-by-step explanation:

There are three primary reasons why incomplete combustion is a common occurrence in practical applications such as automobile emissions:

• Limited oxygen supply—Engines often operate in conditions where there is insufficient oxygen for every hydrocarbon molecule to react completely, leading to incomplete combustion.
• Temperature fluctuations—The range of temperatures in an engine can lead to 'cold spots' where combustion is not as efficient, resulting in some unburnt fuel.
• Fuel quality and engine design—Variations in fuel composition and inconsistencies in engine design may not allow for optimal mixing of fuel and air, hindering complete combustion.

Catalytic converters are employed in vehicles to reduce harmful materials, such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, by promoting the reaction of leftover hydrocarbons with oxygen to form less harmful substances.