Final answer:
During the specified period, Germany's military strategy was offensive, including building a large army and a modern navy to challenge Great Britain. Non-military efforts involved diplomatic relations and alliances, particularly portraying an image of being encircled by rivals. Overall, Germany pursued a dual strategy of military expansion and diplomatic efforts.
Step-by-step explanation:
For Germany, the military responses during the early 20th century included offensive actions against neighboring countries which is evident from the development of the Schlieffen Plan, aiming to quickly defeat France before turning on Russia.
They built a large military force with compulsory service and pursued a naval arms race with Great Britain, exemplified by the construction of Dreadnought battleships. Non-military responses included diplomatic efforts and the forging of alliances with the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary as a countermeasure against the perceived encirclement by France, Russia, and the United Kingdom.
As for the German approach during this time, Germany was involved in balancing military expansion with diplomatic strategies. The alliances with both declining and rising powers and the covert buildup of militarily banned weapons suggest a Germany straddling the line of diplomacy and aggressive preparation.
Therefore, the most appropriate answer from the options provided for both military and non-military responses is (c) Germany's military responses included offensive actions against neighboring countries and (b) Germany's non-military responses involved diplomatic efforts and international treaties, summarizing the German approach as (a) a dual strategy of military expansion and diplomatic negotiations.