Final answer:
Industrialization in the U.S. resulted in significant wealth for business owners but often at the expense of workers who faced exploitation and poor working conditions. (option b) Unskilled laborers worked long hours for low wages in unsafe environments, leading to a wealth disparity and societal issues that sparked the labor movement and discussions about workers' rights.
Step-by-step explanation:
Industrialization in the U.S. was a period marked by rapid economic growth and the rise of big business, but it came with mixed consequences for the working class. Worker exploitation and poor working conditions were endemic, as unskilled laborers, including immigrants and children, worked long hours for low wages. Industrial jobs were often unsafe, leading to high rates of injury and death. Despite the availability of new consumer goods, the working conditions and wages meant that many laborers could not enjoy the fruits of their labor.
While industrialization provided jobs for the masses, the stark disparity in wealth distribution became evident. The profits of industrialization largely accumulated in the hands of business tycoons and middle-class professionals, leaving workers with a minimal share. This created societal issues, prompting discussions about industrial justice and the role of government in protecting the rights of laborers.
Some industrialists attempted to address these challenges with more humane practices and workers' welfare programs, but these efforts were not widespread. The new industrial order fostered a sense of alienation among workers who felt disconnected from the outcomes of their labor. Industrialization, therefore, led to a questioning of the economic order and spurred the beginning of the labor movement and efforts to improve workers' rights.