Final answer:
Israel was established on May 14, 1948, after World War II, following the United Nations partition plan and Britain's withdrawal from Palestine. So, the correct answer is option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nation of Israel was established after World War II, more specifically, on May 14, 1948. This was following the British withdrawal from their mandate over Palestine and subsequent acceptance of the United Nations partition plan by the Zionists but its rejection by the Arab nations.
The formal declaration of the state of Israel led to the First Arab-Israeli War, with surrounding Arab countries invading the newly declared nation. Despite the conflict, Israel was able to not only defend its existence but also extend its borders, influencing the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East.
Both the United States and the Soviet Union recognized the new state of Israel, marking a significant event in the post-World War II period and the beginning of a complex and ongoing regional conflict involving the Palestinian Territories.