Final answer:
Athens is associated with voting for leaders and a focus on education and the arts, while Sparta is characterized by its militaristic society and the comparatively larger role of women in its social system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question requires matching the appropriate example of competition or cooperation with either Athens or Sparta, the two prominent Greek city-states. Here are the matches with explanations:
- A. Voting for leaders - Athens: Athens is known for its development into a democratic state where all adult male citizens could participate in government.
- B. Militaristic (Society focused on military) - Sparta: Sparta was characterized by its strict militarist society and its dominant warrior class. It placed a high emphasis on military prowess and training.
- C. Focus on education and the arts - Athens: Athenian society celebrated art, music, and drama, and was at the forefront of cultural developments and political innovation.
- D. Women played a larger role in their society - Sparta: In Spartan society, women had more influence and freedom compared to other Greek city-states, as Spartan men were often away for military training or campaigns.