Final answer:
John Adams wanted to improve transportation and communication networks to change the American infrastructure. He proposed the creation of roads, canals, and other projects, but faced political challenges in implementing his plans.
Step-by-step explanation:
John Adams aimed to improve transportation and communication networks in order to change the American infrastructure. He proposed the creation of roads and canals to facilitate commerce and advance settlement in the West.
Adams also suggested the support for a national university and a national astronomical observatory. However, he lacked the political skill to implement much of his program and Congress never acted on his proposals.