Final answer:
Diffusion refers to molecules moving from high to low concentration, also a metaphor for the spread of ideas such as Buddhism. In China, Buddhism's universal message and adaptability led to its popularity through both expansion and relocation diffusion. Its appeal across social classes and compatibility with Daoism facilitated its widespread acceptance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Diffusion and Buddhism's Popularity in China
Diffusion in the context of this question refers to the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, which continues until the concentration is uniform. This concept also metaphorically applies to the spread of ideas and religions, such as Buddhism. When considering the popularity of Buddhism in China, it is important to understand that it became attractive to many due to its universal message, offering salvation and a lifestyle open to all. Additionally, Buddhism's flexibility allowed it to be infused with local ideals, making it more palatable within Chinese culture.
Buddhism's spread into China during the Six Dynasties period can be attributed to expansion diffusion and relocation diffusion. Expansion diffusion occurred as Buddhist monks established monasteries along the Silk Roads, welcoming travelers and converting many through their hospitable communities. Relocation diffusion happened when monks and believers migrated, bringing their religion along with them to new territories. Buddhism's lack of caste emphasis made it appealing to a broader range of social classes in China, further encouraging its adoption.
Buddhism's adaptability allowed it to mix with existing Chinese traditions such as Daoism. This blend of religious practices helped it gain acceptance among the elite and common people alike, eventually becoming entrenched in the cultural and spiritual life of East Asia.