Final answer:
The correct order from oldest to youngest is Cambrian, Silurian, Cretaceous, and then Neogene.
Step-by-step explanation:
To arrange the geological periods from oldest to youngest, we look at the history of the Earth's geology. The correct order is Cambrian, Silurian, Cretaceous, Neogene. The Paleozoic era starts with the Cambrian period and is followed by the Ordovician, then Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian. The Mesozoic era comes next with the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous. The Cenozoic era, where we are currently in, includes the Paleogene, Neogene, and the Quaternary period.
Therefore, option (b) Cambrian, Silurian, Cretaceous, Neogene is the correct sequence from oldest to youngest.