Final answer:
Neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminals of a neuron, where they transmit signals to other neurons or target cells across the synaptic cleft.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine are released by the axon terminals of a neuron. Neurotransmission involves the release of these signaling molecules into the synaptic cleft, where they bind to and activate receptors on the dendrites of the post-synaptic neuron.
The axon terminal is a specialized ending of an axon that makes synaptic contacts with other neurons, muscle, or target organs. When the neuron is activated and an action potential reaches it, the axon terminal facilitates the release of neurotransmitter-filled vesicles into the synaptic gap, allowing for communication between cells.