Question

Which of these were black achievements?

A. All-black towns
B. Election of Representative A.C. Hamlin
C. Plessy v. Ferguson
D. Senate Bill No.1

Answer 1

The black achievements among the options presented are the creation of All-black towns and the election of Representative A.C. Hamlin. Plessy v. Ferguson was a setback, not an achievement, due to its endorsement of segregation. Senate Bill No.1 is not clearly defined and would need more context to be assessed as an achievement.

Step-by-step explanation:

The black achievements mentioned can be identified as follows:

1. All-black towns were a significant achievement in the sense that they represented self-governed, self-sufficient communities created by African Americans, particularly in the post-Civil War era as freedmen sought to establish their own societies away from white supervision.
2. The election of Representative A.C. Hamlin was another noteworthy achievement. Hamlin was an African American politician who, among others, broke racial barriers and represented the interests of the black community in government.
3. Plessy v. Ferguson, however, was not an achievement for black Americans but rather a setback. This 1896 Supreme Court decision upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal." Although nominally providing equal facilities, it legitimized many discriminatory practices and perpetuated second-class citizenship for blacks.
4. Senate Bill No.1 is not specified here, but such legislative achievements could potentially refer to significant laws that impacted civil rights, though more context is needed to evaluate it correctly in this list.

Therefore, the correct answer is A and B, representing black achievements as All-black towns and the election of Representative A.C. Hamlin.