Final answer:
To find the number of representative particles in a substance, multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number (6.02 × 10²³ particles/mol). This calculation gives us the corresponding number of atoms for silver and formula units for sodium chloride, and the number of molecules for carbon dioxide and nitrogen (N₂).
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the number of representative particles in a given amount of substance, one should use Avogadro's number, which is 6.02 × 10²³. This number represents the quantity of representative particles in one mole of a substance. The type of representative particle depends on the nature of the substance: for atomic elements, it's atoms; for diatomic molecules like N₂, it's the molecule; for ionic compounds like NaCl, it's the formula unit.
Here's how to calculate the number of representative particles for the requested substances:
- a. 0.244 mol silver: (0.244 mol) × (6.02 × 10²³ particles/mol) = 1.469 × 10²³ silver atoms
- b. 7.19 × 10²⁻³ mol sodium chloride: (7.19 × 10²⁻³ mol) × (6.02 × 10²³ particles/mol) = 4.329 × 10²² formula units of NaCl
- c. 31.8 mol carbon dioxide: (31.8 mol) × (6.02 × 10²³ particles/mol) = 1.915 × 10²µ CO₂ molecules
- d. 0.585 mol nitrogen (N₂): (0.585 mol) × (6.02 × 10²³ particles/mol) = 3.522 × 10²³ N₂ molecules