Final answer:
The newton and dyne are two units used to measure force, with 1 N equal to 10^5 dynes. Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between force and motion, with Newton's second law stating that force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). Not all forces cause motion due to factors like inertia and other counteracting forces.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two units commonly used to measure force are the newton (N) and the dyne. They are related by scale, with 1 newton equivalent to 10^5 dynes.
a. False. While applying a force to an object may make it move, it is not always the case as other forces, such as friction, may counteract it.
b. False. Once in motion, if no net force is acting on an object, no additional force is required for it to continue moving at a constant speed in a straight line due to inertia.
c. True. To change the direction of a moving object, a net force must be applied. This is in accordance with Newton's first law of inertia.
d. True. To tighten the head of a hammer on its handle, a force is applied when it is banged against a surface, which changes the motion of the hammer head relative to the handle by the usual method of striking the hammer's handle against a hard surface, which can drive the head onto the handle due to the forces involved.
e. By rolling a bowling ball, one can observe its acceleration to estimate the ball's mass since force and acceleration are related through mass.
f. Three parts designed to overcome the effects of Newton's first law could include seat belts (restrain passengers), airbags (cushion the impact), and anti-lock braking systems (prevent skidding).
g. Newton's second law states: The change of motion of a body is proportional to and in the direction of the force acting on it. As an equation, this is expressed as F = ma.
h. The newton is defined as the force that would give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one meter per second squared (N = kg·m/s²).