Final answer:
To find the volume of hydrogen gas that can be collected over water when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, we can use the ideal gas law equation PV = nRT. We convert the given temperature to Kelvin and use the equation to calculate the moles of hydrogen gas produced. The volume of hydrogen gas collected is approximately 0.47 L.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the volume of hydrogen gas that can be collected over water, we need to use the ideal gas law equation: PV = nRT. We know the temperature (25°C) and the pressure (753 torr), and we can assume the volume of water vapor is negligible compared to the volume of hydrogen gas. We also know that the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid produces one mole of hydrogen gas for every one mole of zinc. First, we need to convert the given temperature to Kelvin (25°C + 273.15). Then, we can use the ideal gas law equation to calculate the moles of hydrogen gas produced:
V = (nRT) / P = (10.0g Zn * (1 mol Zn / 65.38g Zn) * (1 mol H₂ / 1 mol Zn) * (0.0821 L atm / K mol) * (298.15 K) / (753 torr)) = 0.469 L
Therefore, the volume of hydrogen gas that can be collected over water at 25°C and 753 torr when 10.0g of zinc is treated with excess hydrochloric acid is approximately 0.47 L (Option B).