Final answer:
The rise of new monarchs in seventeenth-century Europe was fueled by the centralization of political power, known as absolutism, where the monarchs had absolute control and sought to increase their power and wealth. option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
One significant historical development that led to the rise of new monarchs in seventeenth-century Europe was the centralization of political power in the hands of the monarchs, known as absolutism. This shift in power was bolstered by the belief in divine providence, where it was believed that God had chosen the monarch to govern. Monarchs had absolute political power and made decisions with the aim of increasing their power and wealth. These changes often occurred due to socio-economic shifts, such as the agricultural and industrial revolutions, and the influence of Enlightenment thinkers who challenged the divine right of kings.