Final answer:
A frameshift mutation results in a change in the reading frame of mRNA, affecting subsequent codon translation into amino acids. The normal DNA strand GCA ATG CAC translates into mRNA (CGU UAC GUG) and amino acids Arginine, Tyrosine, Valine. When the first "G" is deleted, the altered DNA strand CAA TGC AC translates into a different sequence of mRNA and amino acids Valine, Threonine, Cysteine.
Step-by-step explanation:
A frameshift mutation is caused when insertions or deletions of nucleotides in a DNA sequence alter the reading frame of the resulting mRNA and protein. In the example provided, we first need to transcribe the normal DNA sequence into mRNA and translate it into amino acids. Then, we will show the effect of a deletion causing a frameshift mutation.
DNA: GCA ATG CAC
mRNA: CGU UAC GUG
Amino Acids: Arginine (Arg), Tyrosine (Tyr), Valine (Val)
Taking out the first "G" in the original DNA above results in:
DNA: CAA TGC AC
mRNA: GUU ACG UG
Amino Acids: Valine (Val), Threonine (Thr), Cysteine (Cys) or it could stop at Valine (Val) if we consider the original frame as starting with 'CA'