Final answer:
The scale factor of the dilation in the similarity transformation is 1/4.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scale factor of the dilation in the similarity transformation is 1/4. This means that the corresponding sides of the two figures are in a ratio of 1:4. In this case, we can see that the distance between P and Q is 4 units, and the distance between P' and Q' is 4 units as well, so the scale factor is 1:4.