Final answer:
A relevant claim could assert the importance of space exploration beyond ethical concerns, engaging with arguments ranging from sourcing resources and acquiring knowledge to fostering an ethics of environmental care.
Step-by-step explanation:
An applicable claim that Student D might make in their persuasive speech on the ethical issues associated with space exploration is: It is crucial for humans to explore outer space, regardless of the ethics of space environment conservation. In supporting this claim, the student can argue that while space exploration has potential benefits, such as asteroid mining to sustain human existence, an anthropocentric approach also promotes an ethics of environmental care that includes the longevity of the Earth for future generations.
When considering the future of space exploration, the student could make a list of arguments supporting human missions, like gaining scientific knowledge, and ensuring humanity's survival by seeking resources or new habitats. Additionally, the student should address the potential drawbacks, such as the environmental impacts of space travel and the ethics of prioritizing space exploration over issues on Earth.
Finally, discussing the current state of space capabilities, such as the absence of human transport to the Moon, presents an opportunity to debate the necessity and feasibility of further space missions. The student should explore whether humanity has a destiny in space, factoring in both technological limitations and ethical considerations.