Final answer:
The government that corresponds to the description in the constitution is a Representative democracy or a republic, where citizens elect representatives to govern on their behalf.
The correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of government that best describes the nation outlined in the constitution is a Representative democracy. This means that the citizens elect representatives to make decisions and pass laws on their behalf.
It is different from an absolute monarchy where a monarch has complete control, and a constitutional monarchy where a monarch acts within the boundaries of a constitution.
In a representative democracy, which is also known as a republic, officials are elected to govern for a limited time and must consider the rights of the minority, as opposed to a pure democracy where the majority rules without regard for the minority.
The United States, following its independence, became a republic, a form of government where the people hold the power and elect officials to govern.
The correct option is A.