Final answer:
The given statement exemplifies deductive reasoning, which involves using a general principle to predict specific outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'If your neighbor goes up north, then you feed her bird. On Saturday, your neighbor will go up north. Saturday, you will feed her bird.' is an example of deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning uses a general principle to predict a specific result. In this case, the general principle is the conditional agreement that if the neighbor goes away, you will feed the bird. The specific result predicted is that on Saturday, you will feed the bird because the neighbor is going up north that day. This aligns with how deductive reasoning is used in hypothesis-based science, where a general principle or law is used to forecast specific outcomes.