Final answer:
The student's question about Earth's movement around the Sun refers to the phenomena of rotation (day and night), revolution (seasons), and the solstice (longest and shortest days). The correct option is b) Rotation, revolution, and solstice.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Earth's movement around the Sun causes three important events to happen: rotation, revolution, and the yearly event, the solstice. The main answer to the student's question would be option b) Rotation, revolution, and solstice. Rotation refers to the Earth turning on its axis every 24 hours, which causes the daily cycle of day and night. Revolution is the Earth's orbit around the Sun, taking approximately one year to complete, which is responsible for the changing seasons as the Sun's position in the sky shifts. The solstice occurs twice a year when the Earth's tilt is most pronounced toward or away from the Sun, leading to the longest and shortest days of the year.Step-by-step explanation: The daily rotation of the Earth results in different parts of the Earth facing the Sun, producing day when facing the Sun and night when facing away. The revolution of Earth around the Sun in an elliptical path along the ecliptic line changes the Sun's apparent position in our sky over the course of the year. The solstices mark the points in the Earth's revolution when the tilt of its axis leads to the maximum difference in daylight hours, occurring in June and December.
Conclusion: Understanding these astronomical phenomena helps explain the regular patterns we observe, such as the cycle of day and night, the changing seasons, and the long and short days associated with the solstices.