Final answer:
Prithvi Narayan Shah's unification campaign faced significant obstacles, primarily geographical challenges, political opposition, and economic factors that made the consolidation process difficult.
Step-by-step explanation:
Prithvi Narayan Shah faced a variety of obstacles during his unification campaign. Among the challenges, the main obstacles included geographical challenges, political opposition, and economic factors. The varying terrains of the different kingdoms, the opposition from established rulers who were in power, and the economic conditions that were not conducive to swift military campaigns created difficulty in unification efforts. These factors made the consolidation of the various states into a single nation under his rule a complex and arduous task.
For example, the mountains and hills of the region presented significant logistical difficulties when moving troops and supplies. Political opposition from well-entrenched local rulers with their own armies and resources also posed a substantial problem. Moreover, the economic factors, such as the cost of maintaining an army and the need to keep the kingdom financially stable, were significant challenges that Prithvi Narayan Shah had to overcome.