Question

How did the relationship between Native Americans and "white men" deteriorate over time? How would you feel if you were in Chief Joseph's position?

A) Due to broken treaties and encroachment on Native lands, causing hardship. I would feel frustrated and betrayed.
B) Over misunderstandings and language barriers, leading to strained relations. I would feel determined to bridge the gap.
C) Because of shared resources and cooperation, resulting in mutual growth. I would feel content and hopeful.
D) Through peaceful negotiations and cultural exchange, fostering better understanding. I would feel optimistic and cooperative.

Answer 1

The deterioration of relations between Native Americans and white settlers was driven by broken treaties, land encroachment, and differing land ownership concepts, leading to conflicts and dependency on the federal government. Failed treaty promises and the view of Native Americans as a conquered enemy after the Civil War contributed to this decline of relations.

Step-by-step explanation:

The relationship between Native Americans and white settlers deteriorated over time primarily due to broken treaties, land encroachment, and differing concepts of land ownership leading to conflict and warfare. Multiple factors, including the failure to make annual payments, new gold finds, and the influx of land-hungry settlers, resulted in previous treaties being nullified amidst bloodshed. President Thomas Jefferson's policy acknowledged a push for expansion that would ultimately displace many Native American groups. Furthermore, treaties were often signed under duress or by individuals without the authority to commit entire tribes, leading to resistance and resentment. The federal government provided annual stipends instead of cash payments, rendering many Native Americans dependent on the government and reducing their ability to live traditionally.

Despite occasional expressions of regret from figures like President Ulysses S. Grant for the treatment of Native American tribes, policies such as forced relocations continued. Notions of civilization imposed through federal policy, coupled with the military's view of Native Americans as remnants of a vanquished foe after the Civil War, perpetuated these broken relations.

During the 19th century, as white settlement spread, Indians were coerced to move from their lands. Despite treaties promising them rights to their traditional lands, these were often ignored by both settlers and the government, leading to conflict and tribal displacement. This struggle for resources and land, exacerbated by enforced western movement, sparked additional conflicts among Native Americans themselves.