Question

The Z chromosome is believed to carry a gene that codes for an enzyme that causes "maleness." Because enzymes are proteins, they do not function normally when temperatures are too cold or too hot. The temperature range for normal enzymatic function is around 70°F to 93°F. What would happen to the males from the above Punnett square if the eggs are exposed to an environment of 95°F?

a) The males would develop normal maleness.
b) The males would develop abnormal traits due to the temperature.
c) The males would not be affected by the temperature.
d) The males would develop into females due to the high temperature.

Answer 1

Exposure to 95°F can cause enzymes, including those coding for maleness, to denature, potentially leading to abnormal development in the organisms concerned, such as male eggs developing female characteristics due to the disruption in enzyme function.

Step-by-step explanation:

When eggs with a Z chromosome that carries the gene coding for maleness are exposed to a temperature of 95°F, which is above the normal range for enzyme activity (70°F to 93°F), the enzymes may not function properly. Enzymes are critical for various body functions and their activity is highly influenced by temperature. In this specific case, exposure to high temperatures could lead to the denaturation of enzymes, where they lose their three-dimensional structure and thus their function.

While the exact outcome depends on the type of enzyme and the species, it is possible that the enzyme which causes 'maleness' might malfunction, potentially resulting in the development of female characteristics. This is because enzymes are sensitive to extreme temperatures. Homeostasis through thermoregulation is crucial for maintaining enzyme activity within a viable range, but persistent exposure to high temperatures might disrupt this balance.