Final answer:
From 1492 to 1639, several key events such as Columbus's voyage, the Treaty of Tordesillas, and the Columbian Exchange played pivotal roles in shaping global interactions through expanded trade routes, cultural exchanges, and the spread of diseases. The correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The period between 1492 and 1639 saw the world undergo significant transformations due to several key events. Columbus's first voyage to the New World in 1492 set the stage for an era of exploration and colonization. This exploration led to the expansion of trade routes, substantial cultural exchange, and previously unknown intercontinental spread of diseases, which became a part of what is known as the Columbian Exchange.
The Treaty of Tordesillas and the Treaty of Zaragosa, which divided the world into zones of influence between Portugal and Spain, further facilitated the growth of worldwide trade networks, including the emergence of the transatlantic slave trade. Additionally, the push to explore new lands was driven by a multitude of factors, including the desire to spread Christianity, gain access to new resources, and establish new trade connections.
Please note that all these events had profound impacts on global demographics, economics, and social structures, forever changing the course of history and influencing the modern world.