Final answer:
Humans first evolved in Africa around 200,000 years ago and subsequently spread to other parts of the globe. By 100,000 years ago they began leaving Africa, and by 40,000 years ago they had reached Africa, Asia, Europe, and Australia. Humans arrived in the Americas between 16,000 to 13,000 years ago, migrating via the Bering Land Bridge and along the Pacific coast.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to archaeological and genetic evidence, human migration occurred over several key periods in prehistory. Here is a timeline of when humans arrived in different regions of the world, corresponding to the events outlined in the question:
- Event A (200,000 years ago): Modern humans emerged first in Africa around this time according to the "out of Africa" model of human evolution. This is when homo sapiens sapiens are believed to have evolved.
- Event B (100,000 years ago): After emerging in Africa, modern humans began expanding out of Africa and replaced all other human species during this period. This marks the beginning of the global spread of humans.
- Event C (40,000 years ago): By now, modern humans had spread throughout Africa, Asia, Europe, and Australia. The global emigration of advanced hominids, specifically homo sapiens, was largely complete except for the Americas.
- Event D (30,000 years ago): This time frame does not correlate to a specific major migration event according to the information provided. However, during the ice age beginning around 36,000 years ago, many human populations were displaced, setting the stage for later migrations into the Americas.
- Humans arrived in the Americas between 16,000 to 13,000 years ago, which is well after the 30,000-year mark. They migrated overland on the Bering Land Bridge and along the Pacific coastline during the last ice age.
Additional notable events include the interbreeding of early humans with Neanderthals as they spread out from Africa and the survival of a small homo sapiens population following a volcanic eruption and ice age roughly 70,000 years ago.