Final answer:
The health-related disparity in the United States is lower influenza vaccination rates among African-Americans.
Step-by-step explanation:
The health-related disparity in the United States is: c) Influenza vaccination rates are lower among African-Americans.
African-Americans have lower influenza vaccination rates compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the United States. This discrepancy contributes to higher rates of influenza and related complications among African-Americans.
Factors that contribute to health disparities among racial and ethnic groups include unequal access to healthcare, lower quality of care, socioeconomic factors, and historical and systemic inequities.