Answer:
Three ways the Black Death affected the European Economy are by ``Reduced population, leading to labor shortages, Strengthened feudal systems and Enhanced agricultural production``
The answer is option ⇒B, C and D
Step-by-step explanation:
The Black Death had a significant impact on the European economy in several ways:
- 1. Reduced population, leading to labor shortages: The Black Death caused a devastating decline in the population of Europe. It is estimated that the plague wiped out approximately 30-60% of the population. This drastic reduction in the workforce led to labor shortages across various industries. With fewer workers available, wages increased, giving more bargaining power to the laborers and challenging the traditional feudal labor system.
- 2. Strengthened feudal systems: While the Black Death resulted in labor shortages and higher wages, it also reinforced the feudal systems in many areas. The surviving landowners and nobles sought to maintain their wealth and influence by exerting control over the remaining labor force. They imposed laws and regulations that restricted the movement and rights of peasants, ensuring their continued dominance and preventing social mobility.
- 3. Enhanced agricultural production: Despite the initial disruption caused by the Black Death, the reduced population also led to a decrease in demand for agricultural products. This, coupled with the scarcity of labor, prompted landowners to experiment with more efficient farming methods. They invested in technologies such as the three-field system and the use of plows and horses, which increased productivity and improved agricultural output. The surplus food production contributed to the economic recovery and growth in the post-plague period.
The answer is option ⇒B, C and D