Final answer:
The sum of 50 + 1 is 51, which is the next whole number after 50 according to arithmetic rules.
Step-by-step explanation:
The result of the simple addition problem 50 + 1 is 51. When we add the number 1 to 50, we get the next consecutive whole number, which is 51. This is due to the fundamental rule of arithmetic that states when you add 1 to any whole number, you get the next number in the sequence. Therefore, the correct answer is b. 51.