Final answer:
The physiological activity is (c) Examining temperature effects on heart rate, as it involves studying how the body's functions react to changes in conditions, which aligns with the goals of physiological studies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The activity that represents physiological studies is (c) Examining temperature effects on heart rate. Physiological studies focus on the functions and processes of the body's systems and how they react under various conditions, such as changes in temperature.
Physiology involves understanding the mechanical, physical, and biochemical workings of the human body. When examining the impact of temperature on heart rate, one is investigating how a physiological process (heart rate) varies with an external variable (temperature). This is a core aspect of physiological studies because it involves understanding and explaining the function of a body part (the heart) under certain conditions, rather than just looking at its structure. On the other hand, making a section through a heart to observe its interior, viewing muscle tissue through a microscope, and examining the surface of the bone are more focused on anatomy which is the study of the physical structure and parts of organisms.