Final answer:
The idea of federalism calmed the fears of too strong a national government by implementing checks and balances between the national and state governments, ensuring a balance of powers in Delegated, Reserved, and Concurrent authorities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The idea of federalism was intended to alleviate the fears of states concerned about the national government becoming too powerful, like what they experienced under British rule. The way federalism calmed their fears is not fully captured by any single option provided but is rather a combination of the concepts of Delegated Powers, Reserved Powers, and Concurrent Powers.
Delegated Powers are those assigned to the national government, Reserved Powers are those held by the states, and Concurrent Powers are those shared between the two levels of government. This system creates a balance of power by ensuring that some authorities are exclusively within the purview of the states, while others are the responsibility of the national government, and still others require cooperation for shared governance.
By implementing checks and balances and delineating specific roles, the Constitution built on federalist principles to prevent any single entity from amassing too much power, thus protecting individual liberty while ensuring societal stability.