Final answer:
The French loss at the Battle of Poitiers can be attributed to several factors related to the longbow, including inadequate armor, inability to counter its range, lack of training in its use, and poor leadership, making E) All of the above the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The French loss at the Battle of Poitiers during the Hundred Years' War was heavily influenced by their inability to counter the English longbow. The longbow had a range and firing rate that far surpassed the French crossbows.
The major factors contributing to the French defeat can be attributed to their lack of effective armor against longbow arrows, inability to counter the longbow's range and accuracy, insufficient training in longbow tactics, and poor leadership and coordination on the battlefield.
Hence, the most comprehensive answer to this question would be E) All of the above.