Final answer:
Martin Luther King Jr. was an African American who took a stand against segregation and prompted the birth of the civil rights movement. The correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The African American who took a stand against segregation and prompted the birth of the civil rights movement is Martin Luther King Jr.
He, along with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, organized protests and demonstrations advocating for nonviolence and equal treatment for African Americans. One of the major successes of the civil rights movement was the Montgomery bus boycott that started when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white person.
It is important to note that there were other notable figures involved in the civil rights movement, such as Malcolm X and Thurgood Marshall, but Martin Luther King Jr. is widely recognized as the leader of the movement.