Final answer:
The qualities described, including a fortified citadel, grid-patterned streets, and a lack of weapons, are generally associated with Ancient Greece, particularly the peaceful Minoan civilization, as well as Rome's urban planning, but Ancient Greece is the most fitting choice.
Step-by-step explanation:
The fortified citadel and grid-patterned streets are urban characteristics that became notable during ancient times. The city of Athens in Ancient Greece was built upon a defensible hillside known as an acropolis. This feature denotes a high level of protection, which allowed the city to grow and prosper. On the other hand, the lack of weapons and representations of warfare is particularly evident in the Minoan civilization of Crete, suggesting a peaceful societal structure. This peaceful aspect, along with the absence of indications of military activity in other early civilizations, points out that not all urban developments were characterized by warfare.
Rome's adaptive grid system, influenced by Greek urban planning, specifically the Hippodamian plan, shows a continued development of this structured urban layout. Roman city life was centralized around public spaces and infrastructure, such as forums, temples, baths, and theaters, which is indicative of their intricate social and economic organization. However, such complexity was not present in Medieval Europe, where the fall of the Roman Empire led to political and military fragmentation, resulting in walled cities and a feudal system of protection and subsistence.
Considering the characteristics mentioned, such as the development of a fortified citadel, grid-patterned streets, and the lack of weapons or evidence of warfare in certain civilizations, the qualities described are mostly associated with Ancient Greece and, to some extent, Rome, but with the specific aspect of peacefulness more uniquely aligning with Ancient Greece's Minoan civilization.