Final answer:
Sunspots are indicative of high solar activity and are visible on the Sun's photosphere, affecting space weather on Earth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sunspots are associated with regions of high solar activity and are visible on the solar surface. These sunspots are areas on the Sun's photosphere that appear darker because they are cooler than the surrounding areas. Sunspots are an indicator of magnetic activity on the Sun and often accompany solar events such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections. This solar activity has a direct effect on Earth, influencing space weather and occasionally causing phenomena such as auroral displays. The correct answer to the question is A) High solar activity; solar surface.