Final answer:
During the Scientific Revolution, educated people started valuing empirical evidence over other forms of knowledge, which laid the groundwork for the Enlightenment. This marked a departure from metaphysical explanations towards a more rational and testable approach in the pursuit of knowledge.
Step-by-step explanation:
The knowledge should be based on: B. Empirical Evidence.During the Scientific Revolution, a shift in thinking emerged that established the basis for the Enlightenment period. The foundations of this new wave of thought were laid out by figures such as René Descartes, Francis Bacon, John Locke, and Isaac Newton. These thinkers emphasized that knowledge should be derived from empirical evidence, utilizing systematic observation, direct and indirect experience, and experimentation to understand and interpret the world.
This empirical method, contrasted with reliance on religious dogma, philosophical ideas, or mystical revelations, became the hallmark of scientific inquiry. It was a move away from the previous metaphysical or spiritual explanations of the universe, instead suggesting a rational, observable, and testable approach to understanding natural phenomena and the cosmos. The scientific method, greatly valued during the Enlightenment, is still considered the standard for conducting objective research in today's society.