Final answer:
Protons carry a positive electrical charge and contribute to an atom's charge, while neutrons have no charge but contribute to the atom's mass.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main difference between protons and neutrons is that protons have an electrical charge while neutrons have no charge.
Protons have a relative charge of +1, and contribute to the atom's overall charge, whereas neutrons are electrically neutral and contribute only to the atom's mass.
Protons and neutrons, also known as nucleons, are nearly equal in mass and make up the nucleus of the atom, while electrons, which are much less massive, orbit around the nucleus.