Final answer:
Plane surveying assumes a flat earth and is used over small areas, while geodetic surveying takes into account the earth's curvature for large-scale surveys using a grid system called the graticule with precise latitude and longitude coordinates.
Step-by-step explanation:
The difference between plane surveying and geodetic surveying lies in the size of the area being surveyed and the curvature of the earth taken into consideration. Plane surveying assumes the earth is flat and the survey area is small enough that the earth's curvature can be neglected. This type of surveying is generally used for engineering projects or land division where precision is needed over smaller areas. On the other hand, geodetic surveying accounts for the earth's curvature and is used for large-scale surveys that cover broader areas. This surveying method applies to mapping entire regions or countries where the curvature of the earth cannot be ignored. With the help of tools like GPS, GIS, and remote sensing, geodetic surveys provide highly accurate data taking into account the spherical shape of the planet. Geodetic surveying employs a grid system known as the graticule, which uses lines of latitude and longitude to give a precise location on the earth's surface measured in degrees.