Final answer:
The nobility were typically against the centralizing efforts of monarchs, as they sought to protect their traditional rights and resist the encroachment of royal power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The groups that were typically against the centralizing efforts of monarchs were the nobility. Nobles often saw centralized power as a threat to their traditional privileges and autonomy. During the era of absolute monarchies, the nobility, along with other groups, worked to protect their rights and resources from royal encroachment. This is reflected in the history of countries such as England and France, where nobles and merchants created institutional arrangements to safeguard their interests. For example, in France, the nobility was involved in political changes that led to the establishment of a British-style parliament to counteract the King's power. By contrast, Loyalists tended to support the existing government or monarchy, as seen during the American Revolution, where about a third of the colonists, including loyalists, feared the loss of their rights and status under a different regime. Thus, the answer to the question is A) Nobility.